Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Volume 91, Issue 2 , Pages 115-120 , 1 December 2007

Trends in the use and abuse of branded and generic extended release oxycodone and fentanyl products in the United States

  • Theodore J. Cicero

      Affiliations

    • Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, Campus Box 8134, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, United States. Tel.: +1 314 362 0459; fax: +1 314 362 5630.
  • ,
  • James A. Inciardi

      Affiliations

    • University of Delaware, Center for Drug and Alcohol Studies, 2100 Ponce de Leon Blvd., Suite 1180, Coral Gables, FL 33134, USA
  • ,
  • Hilary Surratt

      Affiliations

    • University of Delaware, Center for Drug and Alcohol Studies, 2100 Ponce de Leon Blvd., Suite 1180, Coral Gables, FL 33134, USA

Received 8 November 2006 ,Revised 26 April 2007 ,Accepted 9 May 2007.

References 

  1. Adams EH, Breiner S, Cicero TJ, Geller A, Inciardi JA, Schnoll SH, et al. A comparison of the abuse liability of tramadol, NSAIDs and hydrocodone in patients with chronic pain. J. Pain Symptom Manage. 2006;31(5):465–476
  2. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. fourth ed.. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994;
  3. Bailey JE, Barton PL, Lezotte D, Lowenstein SR, Dart RC. The effect of FDA approval of a generic competitor to OxyContin® (oxycodone HCl controlled-release) tablets on the abuse of oxycodone. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2006;84(2):182–187
  4. Campo K, De Satebel O, Gijsbrechts E, Van Waterschoot W. Physicians’ decision process for drug prescription and the impact of pharmaceutical marketing mix instruments. Health Mark Q. 2005;22(4):73–107
  5. Caulkins JP. Drug prices and emergency department mentions for cocaine and heroin. Am. J. Public Health. 2001;91(9):1446–1448
  6. Cicero TJ, Adams EH, Geller A, Inciardi JA, Muñoz A, Schnoll SH, et al. A post-marketing surveillance program to monitor Ultram (tramadol hydrochloride) abuse in the United States. Drug Alcohol Depend. 1999;57(1):7–22
  7. Cicero TJ, Inciardi JA, Adams EH, Geller A, Senay EC, Woody GE, et al. Rates of abuse of tramadol remain unchanged with the introduction of new branded and generic products: results of an abuse monitoring system: 1994–2004. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. 2005;14(12):851–859
  8. Cicero TJ, Inciardi JA. Diversion and abuse of methadone prescribed for pain management. JAMA. 2005;293(3):297–298
  9. Cicero TJ, Inciardi JA, Munoz A. Trends in abuse of OxyContin and other opioid analgesics in the United States: 2002–2004. J. Pain. 2005;6(10):662–672
  10. Cicero, T.J., Surratt, H., Inciardi, J.A., 2007. Relationship between therapeutic use and abuse of opioid analgesic in rural, suburban and urban locations in the United States. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf., in press.
  11. DeWitt EM, Glick HA, Albert DA, Marshall JM, Wolf F. Medicare coverage of tumor necrosis factor α inhibitors as an influence on physicians’ prescribing behavior. Arch. Intern. Med. 2006;166(1):57–63
  12. Federman AD, Adams AS, Ross-Degnan D, Soumerai SB, Ayanian JZ. Supplemental insurance and use of effective cardiovascular drugs among elderly medicare beneficiaries with coronary heart disease. JAMA. 2001;286(14):1732–1739
  13. Goldman DP, Joyce GF, Escarce JJ, Pace JE, Solomon MD, Laouri M, et al. Pharmacy benefits and the use of drugs by the chronically ill. JAMA. 2004;291(19):2344–2350
  14. Huskamp HA, Deverka PA, Epstein AM, Epstein RS, McGuigan KA, Muriel AC, et al. Impact of 3-tier formularies on drug treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 2005;62(4):435–441
  15. Hyatt RR, Rhodes W. The price and purity of cocaine: the relationship to emergency room visits and death and to drug use among arrestees. Stat. Med. 1995;14(5–7):655–668
  16. Hyland A, Bauer JE, Li Q, Abrams SM, Higbee C, Peppone L, et al. Higher cigarette prices influence cigarette purchase patterns. Tob. Control. 2005;14(2):86–92
  17. Inciardi JA, Cicero TJ, Muñoz A, Adams EH, Geller A, Senay EC, et al. The Diversion of Ultram®, Ultracet® and Generic Tramadol HCL. J. Addict. Dis. 2006;25(2):53–58
  18. Monnet DL, Ferech M, Frimodt-Moller N, Goossens H. The more antibacterial trade names, the more consumption of antibacterials: a European study. Clin. Infect. Dis. 2005;41(1):114–117
  19. Paterson JM, Mamdani M, Juurlink DN, Naglie G, Laupacis A, Stukel TA. Clinical consequences of generic Warfarin substitution: an ecological study. Res. Lett. JAMA. 2006;296(16):1969–1972
  20. Petry NM. A behavioral economic analysis of poly-drug abuse in alcoholics: asymmetrical substitution of alcohol and cocaine. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2001;62(1):31–39
  21. Plamper E, Klever Deichert G, Lauterbach KW. Effects of tobacco tax increase on cigarette consumption and the impact on health policy. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2006;49(7):660–664
  22. Sloan FA, Reilly BA, Schenzler C. Effects of prices, civil and criminal sanctions, and law enforcement on alcohol-related mortality. J. Stud. Alcohol. 1994;55(4):454–465
  23. Smith DG. The effects of copayments and generic substitution on the use and costs of prescription drugs. Inquiry. 1993;30(2):189–198
  24. Taira DA, Iwane KA, Chung RS. Prescription drugs: elderly enrollee reports of financial access, receipt of free samples and discussion of generic equivalents related to type of coverage. Am. J. Manag. Care. 2003;9(4):305–312
  25. Wadland WC, Farquhar L, Priester F, Oberst K, Weismantel DP. Increasing generic prescribing: a resident educational intervention. Farm Med. 2005;37(4):259–264
  26. Walker S, Willey CW. Impact on drug costs and utilization of a clinical pharmacist in a multisite primary care medical group. J. Manag. Care Pharm. 2004;10(4):345–354
  27. Zhang B, Cohen J, Ferrence R, Rehm J. The impact of tobacco tax cuts on smoking initiation among Canadian young adults. Am. J. Prev. Med. 2006;30(6):474–479

PII: S0376-8716(07)00196-2

doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.05.008

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Volume 91, Issue 2 , Pages 115-120 , 1 December 2007