Elsevier

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Volume 177, 1 August 2017, Pages 153-162
Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Full length article
Prevalence and correlates of treatment utilization among adults with cannabis use disorder in the United States

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.037Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access

Highlights

  • Many (69%) adults with cannabis use disorder (CUD) had another substance use disorder.

  • About 88% of adults with CUD had not received alcohol/drug use treatment services.

  • Only about 8% adults with CUD used cannabis-specific treatment in the past year.

  • Asian-Americans, women, and married or college-educated adults underused treatment.

Abstract

Background

The increase in cannabis potency may have treatment implications for cannabis use disorder (CUD). Given the reported increase in prevalence of cannabis use among adults, there is a need to understand substance use treatment needs for CUD.

Methods

We examined demographics and behavioral health indicators of adults aged ≥18 years that met criteria for past-year CUD (n = 10,943) in the 2005–2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. We determined prevalence and correlates of past-year treatment use for alcohol/drug, any drug, and cannabis use related problems, to inform treatment efforts for CUD.

Results

The majority of adults with past-year CUD were young adults aged 18–25 or men, had low income, and did not attend college. Two-thirds of adults with CUD met criteria for cannabis dependence, which was comparatively common among younger adults, women, low-income or publicly insured adults, and college-educated adults. Nicotine dependence (40.92%) and alcohol (44.07%) or other drug use disorder (19.70%) were prevalent among adults with CUD. Overall, less than 13% of adults with CUD had received alcohol/drug use treatment the past year; only 7.8% received cannabis-specific treatment. There was no significant yearly variation in treatment use prevalence over 9 years. In particular, Asian-Americans, women, and college-educated adults underutilized cannabis-specific treatment.

Conclusions

This large sample of adults with CUD reveals pervasive underutilization of cannabis-related treatment, especially in women, married adults, and those with college education, despite a high proportion of comorbid behavioral health problems.

Keywords

Asian American
Black
Cannabis use disorder
Hispanic
Mixed race
Native American
Substance use treatment

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