Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Volume 58, Issue 1 , Pages 103-109 , 1 February 2000

A within-subject comparison of three different schedules of reinforcement of drug abstinence using cigarette smoking as an exemplar

  • John M Roll

      Affiliations

    • Clinical Research Division on Substance Abuse, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 2761 E. Jefferson, Detroit, MI 48207, USA
    • ,
  • Stephen T Higgins

      Affiliations

    • Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
    • Department of Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +1-802-656-961; fax: +1-802-656-9628

Received 23 February 1999 ,Revised 8 June 1999 ,Accepted 9 June 1999.

References 

  1. Bickel WK, DeGrandpre RJ, Hughes JR, Higgins ST. Behavioral economics of drug self-administration. II. A unit-price analysis of cigarette smoking. J. Exp. Anal. Behav. 1991;55:145–154
  2. Bigelow, G.E., Silverman, K. 1999. Theoretical and empirical foundations of contingency management treatments for drug abuse. In: Higgins, S.T., Silverman, K. (Eds.), Motivating Behavior Change Among Illicit Drug Abusers: Research on Contingency Management Interventions. APA Books, Washington, DC, in press.
  3. Bigelow, G.E., Stitzer, M.L., Liebson, I.A., 1984. The role of behavioral contingency-management in drug abuse treatment. In: Grabowski, J., Stitzer, M.L., Henningfield, J.E. (Eds.), Behavioral Intervention Techniques in Drug Abuse Treatment. National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD, pp. 36–52.
  4. Carroll ME, Lac ST. Dietary additives and the acquisition of cocaine self-administration in rats. Psychopharmacology. 1998;137:81–89
  5. Chornock WM, Stitzer ML, Gross J, Leischow S. Experimental model of smoking re-exposure: effects on relapse. Psychopharmacology. 1992;108:495–500
  6. Chutuape MA, Silverman K, Stitzer ML. Survey assessment of methadone treatment services as reinforcers. Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1998;24:1–16
  7. Cummings KM, Jaen CR, Giovino G. Circumstances surrounding relapse in a group of recent smokers. Prevent. Med. 1985;14:195–202
  8. Fagerstrom KO, Schneider NG. Measuring nicotine dependence: A review of the Fagerstrom tolerance questionnaire. J. Behav. Med. 1989;12:159–182
  9. Ferster CB, Skinner BF. Schedules of Reinforcement. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts; 1957;
  10. Fox, E., Shotton, K., Ulrich, C., 1995. SigmaStat Statistical Software User's Manual. Jandel Corporation.
  11. Fung YK, Schmid MJ, Anderson TM, Lau YS. Effects of nicotine withdrawal on central dopaminergic systems. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1996;53:635–640
  12. Haaga DAF. Introduction to the special issue ‘smoking cessation: Clinical and research directions’. Addict. Behav. 1997;22:723–725
  13. Henningfield JE, Schuh LM, Jarvik ME. Pathophysiology of nicotine dependence. In:  Bloom FE,  Kupfer DJ editor. Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress. New York: Raven press Ltd; 1995;p. 1715–1729
  14. Higgins ST, Delaney DD, Budney AJ, Bickel WK, Hughes JR, Foerg F, et al. A behavioral approach to achieving initial cocaine abstinence. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1991;148:1218–1224
  15. Higgins ST, Budney AJ, Bickel WK, Foerg F, Badger GJ. Achieving cocaine abstinence with a behavioral approach. Am. J. Psychiatry. 1993;50:763–769
  16. Higgins ST, Budney AJ, Bickel WK, Foerg F, Donham R, Badger GJ. Incentives improve outcome in outpatient behavioral treatment of cocaine dependence. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1994;51:568–576
  17. Higgins ST, Bickel WK, Hughes JR. Influence of an alternative reinforcer on human cocaine self-administration. Life Sci. 1994;55:179–187
  18. Higgins ST. The influence of alternative reinforcers on cocaine use and abuse: a brief review. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1997;57:419–427
  19. Higgins ST, Hughes JR. Human behavioral pharmacology: An overview of laboratory methods. In:  Lattal KA,  Perone M editor. Handbook of Research Methods in Human Operant Behavior. New York: Plenum Press; 1998;p. 579–618
  20. Hughes JR. Smoking is a drug dependence: A reply to Robinson and Pritchard. Psychopharmacology. 1993;113:282–283
  21. Hughes JR, Gulliver SB, Fenwick JW, Valliere WA, Cruser K, Pepper S, et al. Smoking cessation among self-quitters. Health Psychol. 1992;11:331–334
  22. Kirby KC, Marlowe DB, Festinger DS, Lamb RJ, Platt J. Schedule of voucher delivery influences initiation of cocaine abstinence. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 1998;66:761–767
  23. Leshner AI. Addiction research can provide scientific solutions to the problem of cigarette smoking. NIDA Notes. 1998;13:3–4
  24. Marcus BA, Vollmer TR. Effects of differential negative reinforcement on disruption and compliance. J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 1995;28:229–230
  25. Mello NK, Lukas SE, Mendelson JH. Buprenorphine effects on cigarette smoking. Psychopharmacology. 1985;86:417–425
  26. Miller PM. A behavioral intervention program for chronic public drunkenness offenders. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1975;32:915–918
  27. Nader MA, Woolverton WL. Effects of increasing the magnitude of an alternative reinforcer on drug choice on a discrete-trials choice procedure. Psychopharmacology. 1991;105:169–174
  28. Neef NA. J. Appl. Behav. Anal. (editorial). 1995;28:397–398
  29. Repp AC, Felce D, Barton LE. The effect of initial interval size on the efficacy of DRO schedules of reinforcement. Except. Child. 1991;57:417–425
  30. Roll JM, Higgins ST, Badger GJ. An experimental comparison of three different schedules of reinforcement of drug abstinence using cigarette smoking as an exemplar. J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 1996;29:495–505
  31. Roll, J.M., Higgins, S.T., Tidey, J., 1997. Cocaine use can increase cigarette smoking: Evidence from laboratory and naturalistic settings. Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol., 263–268.
  32. Roll JM, Higgins ST, Steingard S, McGinley M. Assessment of the sensitivity of substance use by schizophrenics to contingency-management interventions. Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 1998;6:157–161
  33. Shoptaw S, Jarvik ME, Ling W, Rawson RA. Contingency management for tobacco smoking in methadone-maintained opiate addicts. Addict. Behav. 1996;21:409–412
  34. Silverman K, Higgins ST, Brooner RK, Montoya ID, Cone EJ, Schuster CR, et al. Sustained cocaine abstinence in methadone maintained patients through voucher based reinforcement therapy. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 1996;53:409–415
  35. Silverman K, Wong CJ, Umbricht-Schneiter A, Montoya ID, Schuster CR, Preston KL. Broad beneficial effects of cocaine abstinence reinforcement among methadone patients. J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. 1998;66:811–824
  36. Stitzer ML, Bigelow GE. Contingent reinforcement for carbon monoxide reduction: Within-subject effects of pay amount. J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 1984;17:477–483
  37. Stitzer ML, Bigelow GE, Liebson I. Reducing benzodiazepine self-administration with contingent reinforcement. Addict. Behav. 1979;4:245–252
  38. Stitzer ML, Higgins ST. Behavioral treatment of drug and alcohol abuse. In:  Bloom FE,  Kupfer DJ editor. Psychopharmacology: The Fourth Generation of Progress. New York: Raven press Ltd; 1995;p. 1807–1819
  39. Stitzer, M.L., Iguchi, M.Y., Kidorf, M., Bigelow, G.E., 1993. Contingency management in methadone treatment: The case for positive incentives. In: Onken, L.S., Blaine, J.D., Boren, J.J. (Eds.), Behavioral Treatment for Drug Abuse and Treatment. National Institute on Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD.
  40. Stitzer ML, Rand CS, Bigelow GE, Mead AM. Contingent payment procedures for smoking reduction and cessation. J. Appl. Behav. Anal. 1986;19:197–202
  41. Walsh SL, Sullivan JT, Preston KL, Garner JE, Bigelow GE. Effects of naltrexone on response to intravenous cocaine hydromorphone and their combination in humans. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1996;279:524–539

PII: S0376-8716(99)00073-3

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
Volume 58, Issue 1 , Pages 103-109 , 1 February 2000

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution